COMPUTER APPLICATION IN ACCOUNTING A CASE STUDY OF THE COMPUTERIZED LEDGER SYSTEM OF NIGERIAN BOTTLING COMPANY PLC ONITSHA PLANT
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COMPUTER APPLICATION IN ACCOUNTING
A CASE STUDY OF THE COMPUTERIZED LEDGER SYSTEM OF NIGERIAN BOTTLING COMPANY PLC ONITSHA PLANT
ABSTRACT
This work examines the problems of computer Application in Accounting as it effects computerized ledger system of Nigerian Bottling Company Plc. Onitsha Plant. It is shown that there is adequate in design, effective and efficient in operation.
Data was collected from primary and secondary sources, using observation, and questionnaires for the first and reference materials in the later.
The data analyzed confirmed that no computer application elaborate, can on itself guarantee efficient administration, nor can it be fill proof against fraudulent acts, pressure from by personnel, overriding decision by management are but a few handicaps to a well intentioned computer application.
It is therefore the intention of the researcher to highlights certain remedies or strategies, that can also be adopted to minimized sort coming of the computerized ledger system and this is discussed in chapter five of this research study.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Historical information
1.2 Organizational structure of Nigeria Bottling Company
1.3 Problem Definition
1.4 Aim of study
1.5 Research question
1.6 Statement of hypothesis
1.7 Significance of study
1.8 Limitation of study
1.9 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Review of related literature
2.1 The account
2.2 The ledger and general
2.3 Classification of accounts in the general ledger
2.4 Assets and liabilities
2.5 References
2.6 Chart of account
2.7 Debit and credit
2.8 Principle of financial statement
2.9 The trial balance
2.10 System analysis
2.11 Organizational structure and procedure
2.12 Record maintenance
2.13 Internal control
2.14 The general ledger interface
2.15 The control and risk exposure
2.16 System design, implementation and documentation
2.17 Stages involved and description of the screen design
2.18 Programming method
2.19 Programming language selection
2.20 Users documentation
2.21 Programme testing
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Primary data
3.2 Questionnaires
3.3 Secondary data
3.4 Population of study
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data presentation
4.3 Question II
4.4 Statement of hypothesis
4.5 Testing of hypothesis
4.6 Test technique
4.7 Decision
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary and findings
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
Bibliography
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 HISTORICAL INFORMATION
The Nigeria Bottling Company Plc is a main of a range of soft drink and is known to be the longest of a soft drink.
The company was in corporated on 22nd of November 1951 in Lagos and since then, they has spread it network of branches all over Nigeria. At present, it has an issue over N20 million Naira. The company is jointly owned and managed by Nigerian and foreigners but the majority of shares are owned by Nigerians.
The Onitsha branch (plant) of the company, which was established in January 1978, and it is the main focus of this research work. The plant has an average production rate over 50,000 crated drinks per day. The brand soft drinks manufactured by the company are:
Coke products:- (1) Cokes, Fanta Orange, Sprite and Krest Soda, other are: Krest Tonic, Krest Bitter Lemon. Ginger all, Fanta Lemon and Fanta Chapman. The newest product in the market now is Fanta Black and diet coke. The Onitsha Plant is mange by Mr. Steve Okolo-Solo while the personnel manager is Mr. Marshall Enudi, slaes manager Mr. Ishaka Salami and the financial manager Mr. Samusi Kasaki
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NIGERIA BOTTLING COMPANY PLC.
BOTTLING COMPANY PLC.
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After a careful study of the existing general ledger accounting system, the following draw back were discovered in the system.
DATA DUPLICATION
The system same information is entered at various level of the system
POOR COMMUNICATION
The system is too sect contained. It is designed to collect standard data and produce redesigned report and is often unable to deal with request for further information. It tends to pay little attention to Linkages with the work of other departments. As a results, information presented by the accountant lag behind that of other department who they argue that they cannot understand the accountants figure use department gain very little from the accounting report they receive and consider them a necessary evil rather than a surface of assistance.
POOR LEVEL OF ANALYSIS
The degree of analysis is limited by the sheer volume of detailed data, which has to be handle. Each sale transaction involves several product lines and there are thousands of such transactions in any period. Manual entry of this is time consuming hence, the reason that only summarized details are normally recorded, making it virtually impossible to produce further information without special work.
COMPLICATION
The amount of work involved in this system and way it was split between staff made it rather complex. A result very few number of staff working with it understood the whole system.
1.2 AIM OF STUDY
This study is aimed at achieving the following
1. DATA DUPLICATION: The complicated system will avoid much of the data duplication as items are entered directly from the data documents and stored the file on a data file. If further analysis is required the file will be lead into memory and analyzed. As a result more detailed data will be obtained from it.
2. COMMUNICATION WITH OTHER SYSTEM: The system will be such that may other modules can be added to it. This system will therefore integrate the work of several department and make information to a wider audience.
3. LEVEL OF ANALYSIS: The ability to call report at any time and the spread of their production means that it is relatively easy to obtain an overview of the firm progress.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION
Can a computerized ledger system solve the problem of data publication inherent in the manual genuine ledger system?
· What is the influence of a computerized ledger system in the poor communication level inherent on inherent in the manual general ledger system?
· How can a computerized ledger system enhance the communication of the system with other systems in user department?
· Can the computerized general ledger system improve the poor level of analysis association with the manual general system?
· To what extent will the computerized general system affect the complication involved in the manual general ledger system?
1.4 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
A. NULL HYPOTHESIS
Ho: There is no significant relationship between a computerized general ledger system and the level of complication error, poor system.
B. ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
Hi: There is a significant relationship between computerized general ledger system and the level of complicated error, poor communication and data duplication.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Accounts interact with information system of business and government enterprises as user, evaluators and designers. They design information system when they devise chart of accounts or propose the addition of specific control within the transaction processing with present speed of development accountant now assume a more positive role in the analysis and design of information systems and their product can be maintained. Computer systems own much of their acceptance in business to the increased speed and efficiency that the provide for the processing and reporting computer have helped management cope with the increasing problem of paper handling not only by speeding up the process but also by eliminating some of the paper need through the storage of data in elaborately constructed data based and files where they can be retrieved when needed and so the need for a computerized accounting systems more so, a general ledger system control cannot be over emphasized.
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY
In a study of this nature, one is bound to encounter bottle necks, which springs up from time to time. Due to time constraints as regard this study. It wasn’t possible to carry out a through investigation on the subject matter. Lack of supply consistent data from the location of study (Onitsha) also posed a problem as it necessitated one having to travel all the way to the head office at Lagos State to seek permission in order to be granted full access to come of their vital company. Information which would have broaden the fact about subject mater. Also finance also posed itself as a problem of this subject mater actually cost some fortune.
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