USEFULNESS OF COST – VOLUME – PROFIT ANALYSIS IN MANUFACTURING ORGANIZATION,
(A CASE STUDY OF INNOSON TECHNICAL ENUGU)
ABSTRACT
In all business enterprises, the implementation of cost volume profit analysis is very important and can never be over emphasized and to achieve this goal, target and objective, it is beckoned on the decision of management. So the aim of this study is to find out the responsiveness and relationship of cost volume profit analysis that could be positive or negative in business discussions. In the study, a questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from the staff of Innoson Technical Enugu, the findings revealed that Innoson Technical of cost volume profit analysis has helped in the research work. The study broadened the researcher depth of knowledge and the research embarked on review of related literature. Data drawn from secondary source all contributed. Data generate or as also presented on frequency table and analyzes clearly. It was discovered at the end of the research work that most organizations are unable to achieve the organizations goal because of inability to apply the theory of cost volume profit analysis perfectly. Finally, the application of cost volume profit analysis is more sensitive to management decision.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Approval Page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Abstract v
Table of contents vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Statement of Problems 3
1.3 Objective of the Study 4
1.4 Research Hypothesis 4
1.5 Scope of the Study 5
1.6 Significance of the Study 6
1.7 Limitation of the study 7
1.8 Definition of the study 8
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Assumption of Break-even Analysis 16
2.2 Application of Break-even Analysis 17
2.3 Margin of Safety 20
2.4 Approach of cost volume profit Analysis 23
2.5 Profit volume Graph 29
2.6 Operational Techniques 32
2.7 Cost volume profit Analysis and computer Application 35
2.8 Sensitivity Analysis 36
2.9 Limitation of Break-even Analysis 37
2.10 Empirical Review 38
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design 49
3.2 Area of study 49
3.3 Population of study 49
3.4 Sampling Methods 50
3.5 Research Instrumentation 50
3.6 Validity and Reliability of research Instrument. 51
3.7 Method of data Analysis 52
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Presentation of Data 54
4.2 Analysis of Question 58
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
4.3 Summary of findings 79
4.4 Recommendations 81
4.5 Conclusion. 82
Bibliography/References
Appendix
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
In all business, the implementations of cost volume profit analysis is very important and can ever be over emphasized and to achieve this goal, target and objectives, are beckoned on the decision of the mangers. However, cost volume profit analysis is a tool used by managers of business organization or manufacturing firms in making sure that proper decision are made in other to achieve the targeted goals or objectives of such business.
This research work intends to cover the responsibilities and the relationship of cost volume profit analysis that could be positive or negative in business decision making. And the use of cost volume profit analysis to determine the firm operating income and the act income as discussed by “thurmas V.” 2008. It also aimed at establishing a minimized cost and creating room for a maximized profit through the use of cost volume profit analysis.
More so, in an organization where we have multiple product lines, the use of cost volume profit analysis is of relevant in the product line having higher contribution to profit than the other in business organization. it is a tool used to show the relationship between various ingredients of profit planning and if properly applied, will enable the company to satisfy the industry and stakeholders of such business.
Furthermore, some underlying assumptions are draw from the reference materials which are covered in this research work. Some areas of are covered in this research work. Some areas of concerned include the limit to the implementation of cost volume profit for manufacturing organization to enable the preparation of simple income statement.
Finally, despite the enormous important of cost volume profit analysis (C.V.P), some demerit association with it are in the aspect of some assumption used in the implementation of cost volume profit analysis which do not exist for more-than one accounting period.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Among all the problems listed by previous researchers that are associated with this research work. This work intends to address the following problems:
a. The result of the analysis can only be relied upon within the relevant range i.e with the activity level that the associated cost can be accurately determined.
b. The likely set back that may have take place if cost volume profit analysis is not adequately applied in manufacturing organization.
c. The likely change of fixed cost at difficult activity level make the assumption that fixed cost is a faculty assumption.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
a. To determined the extent to which cost volume profit analysis can be relied upon for proper decision making.
b. To identify the intended solution provided by applying the usefulness of cost volume profit analysis in decision making in manufacturing organization.
c. To determined or ascertain the changes in fixed cost at different level of activity, it is important as its concern taking decision for multiple product line in manufacturing firms cannot be our emphasized.
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
This study set out text among other things that include the following hypothesis.
Ho: That the present cost volume profit analysis applied for decision making is not useful.
Hi: That the present cost volume profit analysis applied for decision making is useful.
Ho: That the present cost volume profit analysis applied in manufacturing organization is not useful
Hi: That the present cost volume profit analysis applied in manufacturing organization is useful
Ho: The assumption that fixed costs remain constraint is not relevant for decision making in manufacturing organization.
Hi: The assumption that fixed costs remain constraint is not relevant for decision making in manufacturing organization.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This is research intends to cover the cost volume profit analysis adopted by various manufacturing companies especially for their production activities. As a matter of fact, only the branch of Innoson technical Enugu will be limited to the study; however generalized view will be taking on other Nigerian branches which gave room for their studies.
1.6 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The study has both practical and academic significance as document below:
Practical Significance
This research work will be of paramount importance to manufacturing company, their manager and production staff of the company. This work will also serve as a guide in the performance of their respective duties. It will help them in appreciating the importance of cost volume profit analysis in decision making of their companies.
Academic Significance
It will be of a great help in our educational process in the aspect of management decision making and for individual in the aspect of man power development. It is also important in the upgrade of student educational qualification as it concern cost volume profit analysis for decision making.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Some major restrictions faced in the cause of the study are time and fiancé to undertake the research work. The time constraint is so much finance on the other hand prevented the research from getting the necessary materials and gathering of enough information for this study.
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