DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED SECURITY SYSTEM WITH INTRUDER POSITION DISPLAY
Abstract
During the invention of security system alarms, in the early 80s technology of system shadow which involves lighten and sensing of objects was at that age found during their experiments using a special material know as light dependent resistor which its family lies in the resistance serials. The development of technology in the world today has yielded many design purposes to inventors depending in the requirements of their design. The growth of theft around the world has led to the inventions of different security system; from their came in the new technology know as intruder alarm security system. The intruder alarm security system alert is an electronic device which is use in different places in sensing intruders from the point of intrusion when installed in different points. When this device is powered, all the whole points of intrusion are then activated and are set for sensing. When the system is now active for work, if an intrusion occurs from any point in the device the display unit will display the point of intrusion and the system will setup an alarm till the person in charge reset the system. This circuit is constituted with different electronic components first is the programmable microcontroller(AT89s52) which is programmed for processing purposes, LDR which sense light and shadow when intruded, led illuminating device that lighten the light dependent resistor, the buzzer alarm, the LCD display that displays the position of the intruder, etc. this circuit has many application in homes, offices, factory protective areas, company restricted zones, in military zones, in residential areas etc. Theft detectors are also application of this device and are applied depending on the demand
Certification……………………………………………………………......................ii
Approval Page…………………………………………………………..…………………iii
Dedication …………………………………………………………………………………iv
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………v
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………….vi
Table of Content…………………………………………………………………………vii
List of Figures………………………………………………………..…....................viii
List of Tables…………………………………………………………………………………ix
Abstract…………………………………………………………………..……………………x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.0 Objective of Project Design………………………………………………….. 1
1.1 Justification of Project………………………………………………………….. 2
1.2 Scope of Project…………………………………………………………………….3
1.3 Constraints ……………………………………………………………………………3
1.4 Block Diagram of Project…………………………………………………..…...4
1.5 Project Report Organization…………………………………………………..6
2.0 Origin of Project………………………………………………………………......9
3.1 Project Specification………………………………………….14
3.2 Component description \ Analysis…….………………………………….15
3.2.1 Step down Transformer………………………………………………………15
3.2.2 Diodes…………………………………………………………………………………16
3.2.3 Light emitting Diodes…………………………………………………………18
3.2.4 Bridge rectifiers………………………..……………………………………….20
3.2.5 The Voltage Regulator………………………..……………………………….21
3.2.6 Resistors…………………………………………………..…………………………23
3.2.7 Transistors………………………………………….……………………………….28
3.2.8 Light dependent Resistors ………………………………………………………32
3.3 Hardware Subsystem…………………………………………………………………35
3.3.1 Power supply unit……………………………………………………………………..35
3.3.2 Display unit…………………………………………………………………………8
3.3.3 Input interface unit……………………………………………………………………43
3.3.4 Microcontroller unit………………………………………………………………….46
4.2 Design process……………..……………………………………………54
4.3 Software design………..………………………………………………………………….60
4.3.1 Software development……………………………………………………………..62
4.3.2 Testing………………………………………………………………………………………..64
4.3.3 Debugging…………..………………………………………………………………………64
4.3.4 Development process………………………………………………………………..64
4.3.5 Choice of programming language………………………………………………..64
4.4 Program entry and editing……………………………………………………………65
4.4.1 Compiling and Linking………………………………………………………………….65
4.5 Preliminaries of the design…………………………………………………………..66
4.5.1 Making an LED blink with AT89S51 Microcontroller…………………….66
4.6 System control program steps………………………………………………………67
5.1 System Testing Integration………………………………………………..………………….78
5.2 Test Plan and Test Data…………………………………………………........................78
5.2.1 Component Test………………………………………………………………79
5.2.2 System Test………………………………………………………………………………………….80
5.2.3 Transformer Test (step down)……………………………………………………………….80
5.2.4 Other Tests…………………………………………………………………………………………….81
5.3 Experimented Result/ Actual Result…………………………………………………………..81
5.4 Performance Evaluation…………………………………………………………………………….82
CHAPTER SIX: SUMMARY
6.1 Summary and Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..83
6.2 Summary of Achievement………………………………………………………………………….83
6.3 Problems Encountered and Solution………………………………………………………….83
6.4 Suggestions for Further Improvement……………………………………………………….85
6.5 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………….85
Appendix
Appendix A: System component list
Appendix B: Component cost analysis table
Appendix C: Complete system circuit schematics
Appendix D: System components layout
Appendix E: System wiring schedule
Appendix F: System source code in Atmel 89C51 Microcontroller Assembly language
Appendix G: System user’s guide
Appendix H: Project package photograph
`Appendix I: Atmel 89C51 Microcontroller instruction set
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND:
The microcontroller Based Security System with Intruder Position Display is a design that applies automated security system in homes, Industries, military etc. The project will feature a system that will track the presence of an intruder in restricted area and also inform the user about the position of the intruder.
This Project will be based on microcontroller and other electronic design to achieve the above stated purposes. The interfacing medium will make use of parallel port. The sensors (Light Dependent Resistor and LEDS) will receive the signal when the intruder is around wile the control program will translate the received signal from the sensors to useful information about the function of the system.
In this design we have implored the use of both hardware and software to bring about the entire project. The hardware components are solely coordinated by the AT89S52 micro controller chip while the assembly programming language is used to program the chip
1.1 Aims and Objectives of the Project
Environmental security against an intruder has become a thing of individual, national and international concern. The essence of this project is to provide a cost effective and more efficient security system in areas like homes, industries military etc.
The application of this project will enhance effectiveness necessitating to security measures. It relevance, upgrades the conventional security system to automated system that will require little of human intervention.
This project will also build a platform for further sophistication of automated security system by detailing all the measures taken in realizing this system.(microcomputer Based Security System). This will ensure a complete intruder proof system which will take care in this design we have implored the use of both hardware and software to bring about the entire project. The hardware components are solely coordinated by the AT89S52 micro controller chip while the assembly programming language is used to program the chip
1.2 Project Justification
Environmental security against an intruder has become a thing of individual, national and international concern. The essence of this project is to provide a cost effective and more efficient security system in areas like homes, industries military etc.
The application of this project will enhance effectiveness necessitating to security measures. It relevance, upgrades the conventional security system to automated system that will require little of human intervention.
This project will also build a platform for further sophistication of automated security system by detailing all the measures taken in realizing this system.(microcomputer Based Security System). This will ensure a complete intruder proof system which will take care of future intrusion technique.
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